Everything You Need to Know About Puppy Care
How does caring for a puppy differ from caring for an adult dog?
The main thing to consider is that puppies are like kids and don't always know what's best for them. They may not know how to be safe or they might chew on things that aren't appropriate. While adult dogs can also display these behaviors, puppies need guidance to learn what's okay and what's not. They are growing and active, so it's important to provide enrichment along with a safe environment. Treat them like children by keeping them safe, happy, and engaged, knowing they'll get into things.
When can a puppy be separated from its mother?
The general rule is around 8 weeks. Some puppies are separated sooner, but 8 weeks is typically recommended.
When can I bring my puppy around other dogs and other people?
Puppies should be fully vaccinated before being around other dogs and people to ensure they are protected. However, their crucial socialization period is between 4 to 12 weeks of age. It is important to balance socialization with safety. Interactions with vaccinated and well-cared-for dogs in safe environments, like a friend's house, are recommended over public places where unknown pets may pose a risk.
What vaccinations does my puppy need and when should they be given?
Vaccinations generally start around 8 weeks old with a series of boosters following. Core vaccines for puppies and dogs include the distemper-parvo combination vaccine, rabies (administered at 12 weeks or older), and leptospirosis, which is now considered a core vaccine. Depending on your pet's lifestyle, additional vaccines like bordetella, influenza, and Lyme may be recommended. Consult with your veterinarian for a tailored vaccination schedule.
Since it's relatively new, why is lepto now considered a core vaccine?
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted from pets to humans. It's important to protect pets to maintain human health as well. Though often associated with swimming, lepto can be contracted in various environments through the urine of infected animals. The increase in cases and the desire to protect more pets have contributed to its classification as a core vaccine.
How often should I bring my puppy in for a checkup?
We generally recommend checkups every two weeks for boosters, starting at 8 weeks of age, continuing until about four months old. After that, twice a year checkups are recommended.
What is the best diet for my puppy and how much should I feed them?
The diet depends on the breed and size of the puppy. Puppies need food formulated for growth, and consistency in their diet is important. Variety can upset their stomach and interfere with house training. A good quality food is generally recommended.
How often do we feed them?
Younger puppies can be fed three times a day, and as they grow older, you can reduce that to twice a day. Feeding schedules should align with your availability and help with scheduled house training and bowel movements.
How do I know if my puppy is at a healthy weight?
A body condition score can help assess your puppy's weight. This information is often available online. Different breeds have different body conformations, so consult your veterinarian during checkups to ensure your puppy is at a healthy weight.
When should I start training my puppy and do you have any recommendations on what methods to use?
Start training as early as possible. Early repetition helps with introducing commands and manners. Avoid high-impact training until the puppy is older. For basic commands, early training is best. Positive reinforcement and clicker training are recommended methods. Seek a trainer who works with you to continue the training effectively.
How do I socialize my puppy with other dogs and people?
Puppy socialization classes are a great way to expose your puppy to various sounds and environments. These classes help puppies get used to different people, noises, and situations while providing positive reinforcement. Gradual exposure with comfort and treats can help puppies become more confident and less fearful of the unknown.
What should I do if my puppy has diarrhea or is vomiting?
If your puppy experiences diarrhea or vomiting, limit their diet and ensure they stay hydrated. Contact your veterinarian if it's not a one-time occurrence. Investigate any changes in diet, missing toys, or household items to identify possible causes.
How can I prevent fleas, ticks, and other parasites in my puppy?
Use high-quality, veterinarian-approved prevention products. Over-the-counter options may be less effective and costlier in the long run. Prescription products are safer and more reliable. Consult your vet for the best flea, tick, and parasite prevention options for your puppy.
When should I spay or neuter my puppy and what are the benefits?
The timing of spaying or neutering can vary based on breed. Generally, it's recommended after 6 months of age, but for large breeds, it may be better to wait until they're 18 months old. This allows for proper growth and can prevent certain diseases. Discuss with your vet to determine the best timing for your puppy.
Are there decreases in health issues like pyometra or breast cancer with spaying and neutering?
Spaying can reduce the risk of pyometra, a uterus infection generally occurring in older pets. Neutering can prevent prostate issues and certain behavioral problems. Discuss with your vet for specific benefits for your pet.
What are some common health issues in puppies and how can I recognize them?
Common health issues include respiratory infections, diarrhea, and intestinal parasites. Vaccinations help prevent diseases like distemper and parvo. Isolating new puppies for 7-10 days can help identify problems before introducing them to other pets. Consult your vet for a health check to ensure safety.
How do I care for my puppy's teeth and gums?
Daily brushing at home is best, using dog-specific toothpaste. Introduce brushing early to familiarize your puppy with it. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or finger brush. Dental treats with the Veterinary Oral Health Council seal are recommended for additional care.
Are there some of those treats in the grocery store?
Yes, some grocery stores carry treats with the Veterinary Oral Health Council seal. Be cautious, as not all over-the-counter products are beneficial for teeth, and some may be harmful. Always look for approval stamps when choosing dental treats.
What are the signs of allergies in puppies and how can they be treated?
Allergies in puppies may appear as skin conditions, such as itchiness and redness, or respiratory issues like sneezing and runny eyes. Food allergies are less common but can affect bowel movements. Consult your vet for appropriate treatment if allergies are suspected.
Can cleaning products in the home and scents affect puppies?
Certain cleaning products and scents can irritate puppies, even if they don't cause allergies. Be cautious about the products used in your home to ensure your puppy's safety.
How much exercise does my puppy need and what kind is best?
Low-impact exercises, such as walks and swims, are ideal for puppies. Avoid high-impact activities like jumping for frisbees. The amount of exercise depends on your puppy's energy level, diet, and other factors. Consult your vet for personalized recommendations.
What should I do if my puppy is exhibiting aggressive behavior?
Investigate the cause of the aggression. Determine if it's normal behavior, such as play biting, or something that needs correction. Early intervention is key. Providing more playtime, energy outlets, and consistent training may help. Consult with your vet or a trainer for guidance.
How do I protect my puppy from parvovirus?
Parvovirus is life-threatening and commonly causes vomiting and diarrhea. Unvaccinated puppies are at higher risk. Avoid taking your puppy to public areas where exposure to the virus is possible. Consult your vet for a vaccination schedule to protect your puppy from parvovirus.
If you have questions, we would love to answer them for you. Please give us a call at the office at 704-802-1280, or you can email us at [email protected]. Our staff would love to talk with you!
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